Bulldogs, tracing to 13th century England, were used for bullbaiting and later dog fighting. Evolved appearance through breeding.
English bred large beagles for deer/fox hunting; Americans developed smaller ones for rabbits. Two sizes remain today.
Yorkshire Terrier: Originated in 1800s Yorkshire & Lancashire. Terrier mix, including Skye & Dandie Dinmont breeds, possibly Maltese.
17th-century British kings favored black-and-tan spaniels. Crossbreeding with Asian dogs led to Cavalier's flat face.
Centuries ago, "cocker" & "springer" spaniels in England shared litters. Springers flushed game. In 1902, English springer spaniel emerged for hunting.
19th-century English estates faced poacher threat, prompting creation of bullmastiffs: strong, loyal bulldog-mastiff mix guards.
Early English cocker spaniels emerged with springer spaniels, specializing in woodcock hunting. 19th-century breed standard formed. 20th-century saw smaller American variant.
Airedale terriers: Bred by English workers in 1800s. Smart, tough hunting dogs from terriers, otterhounds, and more. Versatile on land and water.
In 1800s, English coal miners developed the fast, small whippet by crossing greyhounds with terriers, ideal for hunting and racing.
Bull terriers originated from bulldog-terrier crosses in 1800s, initially for dog fighting. Later bred for gentler traits, becoming popular companions.